{"id":310,"date":"2014-01-30T12:54:41","date_gmt":"2014-01-30T16:54:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/?page_id=310"},"modified":"2019-05-05T16:56:32","modified_gmt":"2019-05-05T21:56:32","slug":"electroetching","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/?page_id=310","title":{"rendered":"Electroetching"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Electroetching steel.<\/h3>\n<h4>Information gathered<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Masking material<\/strong><br \/>\nSelf-adhesive vinyl sheet for the vinyl cutter<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>My experience is that the adhesive on vinyl sheets used in vinyl cutters for outdoor signage does not have this problem. If you use other types of vinyl that have adhesives like contact paper, electrical tape, packing tape, etc., the water will attack the adhesive.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>fingernail extension acrylic<\/p>\n<p>The more typical way of masking the piece is with toner transfer.<\/p>\n<p>Probably the cheapest way to do this is with wax covering the surface and scratching your design into it to expose the metal to be etched away.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>There are a whole lot of recipes for masking coatings based around pitch, tar, beeswax and shellac. I found heating the metal to be etched and coating it with beeswax, then cooling and using a ballpoint pen (tungsten ball) as a stylus worked well. The fine lines that the ballpoint gave in beeswax were undercut and widened up slightly.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uscutter.com\/GreenStar-Intermediate-Calendered-Vinyl-12-x-5-Yard-Roll-3mil\">GreenStar Intermediate Calendered Vinyl 12&#8243; x 5 Yard Roll, 3mil<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Acrylic Hard Ground resist used by artists: Pledge 11182 Revive It Floor Gloss, $12.50<\/p>\n<p><strong>Setup<\/strong><br \/>\nClean the metal.<br \/>\nCoat backing with electrical tape.<br \/>\nAttach pos electrode to the etch piece.<br \/>\nAttach neg electrode to sacrificial metal.<\/p>\n<p>Sacrificial metal: crap galvanized steel, same surface area as etch piece<\/p>\n<p>Salt (NaCl): lots<br \/>\nPlace objects 10cm apart<\/p>\n<p>Power:<br \/>\nBattery charger, 14.5v, 5-10A, 8 hr.<br \/>\nBattery charger, 25A, 8 min<br \/>\n.oo6 spring steel shim stock: battery charger, 10 minutes<\/p>\n<p>Time: long enough, not too long or will undercut<\/p>\n<p>Change your salt water every so often. If it starts getting really chunky with metal precipitates&#8230;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The type of steel you are trying to etch will affect results enormously, carbon steel is the worst as you have to have a small soft brush to keep brushing the exposed carbon off the steel as it doesn&#8217;t etch too well. Alloy steels like stainless with low carbon and fine grain structure give excellent detail when etched.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Voltage \/ time<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Links<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.instructables.com\/id\/How-To-Electro-Etch-a-Solid-Metal-Plaque\/?ALLSTEPS\">How To Electro-Etch a Solid Metal Plaque by TechShopJim<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/mordent.com\/etch-howto\/\">How To Electrolytically Etch in Copper, Brass, Steel, Nickel Silver or Silver<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.practicalmachinist.com\/vb\/general\/deep-etch-mild-steel-211918\/\">Thread: Deep Etch in Mild Steel<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pfonline.com\/articles\/a-pulsepulse-reverse-electrolytic-approach-to-electropolishing-and-through-mask-electroetching\">A Pulse\/Pulse Reverse Electrolytic Approach to Electropolishing and Through-Mask Electroetching<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"pics\/edinburg-etch.pdf\">Friedhard Kiekeben ACRYLIC RESIST ETCHING<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nontoxicprint.com\/beginnerscompendium.htm\">The Beginners Compendium of Non-Toxic Intaglio Printmaking by Donna Adams<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nontoxicprint.com\/electroetching.htm\">Electro-Etching Made Easy by Alfonso Crujera<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.instructables.com\/id\/High-Quality-and-safe-Nickel-Plating\/\">High Quality (and Safe) Nickel Plating<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/steampunkworkshop.com\/electroetch.shtml\">Electrolytic Etching of Brass<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"Fe_electroetch_TWagDiss.pdf\">Thesis on Fe electroetching with NaCl and NaNO3, extensive chem discussion<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"pics\/SelfTerminateJMME10.pdf\">Self-terminating electrochemical etching of stainless steel for the fabrication of micro-mirrors. Gokdel et al., 2010<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/imajeenyus.com\/workshop\/20110320_electrolytic_etching\/index.shtml\">Electrolytic etching and machining<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nontoxicprint.com\/hardandsoftground.htm\">Hard and Soft Ground Etching<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Artist, gets good detail: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UsmE1gLbHqI\">Photo Etching Tutorial Using Negative Photoresist<\/a><\/p>\n<p>gauge 22 0.0299&#8243;\/0.75mm<br \/>\ngauge 20 0.0359&#8243;\/0.91mm<\/p>\n<p><strong>Trials<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Trial #1<br \/>\nStainless Steel Sheet 304 #8 Mirror Polished Finish With PVC 12&#8243;x24&#8243;, 24 gauge 0.0239&#8243;\/0.61mm<br \/>\nBack coated with two layer plastic backing that the steel sheet came with. The front was sprayed with Minwax Fast-Drying Polyurethane clear semi-gloss, 4-5 thin coats, and dried overnight.<\/p>\n<p>Three 10cm x 4cm rectangles were scored with a knife.<\/p>\n<p>Placed in water with NaCl. 20-25cm separation between the plate a steel bar, 5mmx5mmx20cm.<\/p>\n<p>12V. Etched 12-16 hrs. The rectangles were nearly etched through, but there was a lot of etch through 3-4m around the scored lines, and in other places on the plate.<\/p>\n<p>Trial #2<br \/>\nStainless Steel Sheet 304 #8 Mirror Polished Finish With PVC 12&#8243;x24&#8243;, 24 gauge 0.0239&#8243;\/0.61mm<\/p>\n<p>A 100x1mm line to cut off a rectangle was etched. The back is covered with a two layer plastic backing. The front is covered with shelf liner (Kittrich Co.).<\/p>\n<p>Placed in water with NaCl with a splash of apple vinegar. 40-55mm separation between the two plates.<br \/>\n12V, 1.7A &#8211; 1.6A. Progress was checked at 30 minutes, and the piece was cut off.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/steel_etch_2-5-2014.jpg\" alt=\"steel edge\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The edge has three rough spots&#8211;perhaps where it wasn&#8217;t entirely etched through. The rest of the edge is smooth, perhaps due to electropolishing.<\/p>\n<p>The edge facing the negative electrode has minor undercutting, while the back surface is completely clean.<\/p>\n<p>Trial #3<br \/>\nStainless Steel Sheet 304 #8 Mirror Polished Finish With PVC 12&#8243;x24&#8243;, 24 gauge 0.0239&#8243;\/0.61mm<\/p>\n<p>The front and back are covered with shelf liner (Kittrich Co.). Electrical tape wraps the edges.<\/p>\n<p>I cut grooves, two just knife cuts, four 0.5-0.75mm wide, one 4mm wide and all 1.5cm across.<\/p>\n<p>Placed in water with NaCl with a splash of vinegar. 40-55mm separation between the two plates.<br \/>\n12V, 2.4-2.5A. Amps declined to 1.9A at the end, likely due to most of the exposed surface being etched through.<\/p>\n<p>Progress was checked at 30 minutes, and the slits were etched through. The large slit was 5.5mm wide, the four half mm ones were 1.5 &#8211; 2.0 mm wide, and the knife cuts were paper thin but not etched through. The knife cuts were etching 0.5 &#8211; 1.0 mm pits.<\/p>\n<p>This should be repeated with less time.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/steel_etch_2-5-2014_2.jpg\" alt=\"steel slit etch test\" \/><br \/>\nNote: the flat gray area around the slits is etching under the resist. The mottled areas are adhedsive. There was no etch through the shelf liner.<\/p>\n<p>Trial #4<br \/>\nStainless Steel Sheet 304 #8 Mirror Polished Finish With PVC 12&#8243;x24&#8243;, 24 gauge 0.0239&#8243;\/0.61mm<\/p>\n<p>The front and back are covered with shelf liner (Kittrich Co.). Electrical tape wraps the edges.<\/p>\n<p>I cut grooves, one 2.25 mm, one 0.75 mm, one 0.5 mm, three 0.1 &#8211; 0.25 mm.<\/p>\n<p>Etch at 12V.<br \/>\nFirst 5 minutes, 1.9A-&gt;1.7A-&gt;2.0A<br \/>\nVisible etching, maybe half way, no areas etched thru.<\/p>\n<p>At 10 minutes, 2.0A &#8211; 2.1A<br \/>\nVisible etching, large area etched thru, the next two smaller areas as well. The three narrowest areas have not etched thru.<\/p>\n<p>At 15 minutes, 1.9A-2.0A<br \/>\nThe three largest areas are completely etched, the three smaller ones partially.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/steel_etch_2-6-2014_1.jpg\" alt=\"steel slit etch\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/steel_etch_2-6-2014_2.jpg\" alt=\"steel slit etch\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/steel_etch_2-6-2014_3.jpg\" alt=\"steel slit etch\" \/><br \/>\nThe mask shett has come up about a mm around the edge. The sheet was hung vertically, and the upward edge (left) has more and rougher over etching.<\/p>\n<p>Even if the open slit is narrower, the minimum etch width is about 1 mm.<\/p>\n<p>Trial: Simple bookmark with large &#8216;R&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>Etch in small container, distance about 5cm. NaCL, vinegar.<\/p>\n<p>Metal to be etched at the bottom of the container, negative plate on the top. Etching time: 5.3A at the start, 6.7A @ 5 min, 5.8A @10 min, 5.0 @ 30 min<\/p>\n<p>Water got in to the positive electrode. Changed the setup to side to side.<br \/>\n7.5A @10 min, 7.5A @ 20 min, 7.5A @ 55 min. Stopped, result is over etched:<\/p>\n<p>2nd try, same salt and vinegar, Side to side setup, bottom slanted towards the negative plate, about a 5 cm separation.<\/p>\n<p>6A at the start, 6.3A @ 5 min, 7.3A @ 20 min, stopped at 40 min. Good results this time, very little undercutting.<\/p>\n<p>After etching, clean it up with a file and dremel grinder, then buff with a buff pad on a drill using the black abrasive.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/R_etch.jpg\" alt=\"Etching of a bookmark with an R\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trial: Darth Vader w\/ &#8216;Renee&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>7A, 8.5A @ 5 min, 8A @ 30 min, 10.6A @ 60 min, 5.6A @ 62 min<\/p>\n<p>Trial: Trilobite<\/p>\n<p>Masked with the GreenStar Intermediate Calendered Vinyl, 3mil (GSSIC125), Color: -GS070 Black.<\/p>\n<p>Small chamber, 5 cm between electrodes.<\/p>\n<p>7.5A initially, 8.6A @ 5 min, 9.5A @ 10 min, 10.2A @ 20 min (dilute the water) 8.0A, 8.9A @ 40 min, 9.3A @ 60 min stopped.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"pics\/trilobite1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Over etched! Especially on the bottom side. The border gap in the mask had one narrow section of 1 cm that took longer to etch. 20 min might have been sufficient.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Electroetching steel. Information gathered Masking material Self-adhesive vinyl sheet for the vinyl cutter My experience is that the adhesive on vinyl sheets used in vinyl cutters for outdoor signage does not have this problem. If you use other types of vinyl that have adhesives like contact paper, electrical tape, packing tape, etc., the water will [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-310","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=310"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1265,"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/310\/revisions\/1265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jimlund.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}